PCD-5990

Action Research Methods
(3.0 credit hours)

PCD-5990 Action Research Methods (3.0 credit hours) This course investigates the contemporary research and field work methods commonly used by researchers and practitioners in the fields of international development and conflict resolution studies. The course emphasizes attitudes and skills necessary to conduct participatory action research. Topics and techniques covered in the course include planning for research, proposal writing, sampling strategies, interviewing and focus group techniques, life history, photovoice and participatory video, integrating qualitative and quantitative methods, and post-field work activities. PCD Category: Methods in Research, Planning, or Evaluation.

BTS-5300

Christian Spirituality
(3.0 credit hours)

BTS-5300M Christian Spirituality: (3.0 credit hours) An introductory survey of various traditions and disciplines of Christian spirituality in the context of their historical development and contemporary expression. Students will be challenged to expand the scope of their understanding and practice of Christian spirituality as they engage and process the course material from within the context of their own religious traditions. BTS Category: Practical Theology.

PCD-5390

Conflict Transformation Through Dialogue and Narrative
(3.0 credit hours)

DRAFT: By exploring personal case studies and responses to conflict, students will enhance their skills in communication and proactive engagement. With an emphasis on brave conversations, recognizing polarities, and applying effective strategies for conflict resolution, students will learn to manage stress, understand trauma, and develop resilience. Through reflective practices and diverse cultural perspectives, students will gain confidence in transforming conflicts into opportunities for growth and understanding.

PCD Categories: Peacebuilding and Conflict Resolution, Peacebuilding and Collaborative and Transformative Development, or Peacebuilding and Collaborative Development

PCD-5630

Cultures of Violence, Cultures of Peace
(3.0 credit hours)

PCD-5630 Cultures of Violence, Cultures of Peace (3.0 credit hours): A multi-layered examination of peace and violence conflict from the perspective of culture, addressing questions such as: How are attitudes towards peace and violence reflected in the way cultures enact discipline, security, education, reconciliation, etc.? How are peace and violence reflected in expressions of popular culture and various sub-cultures? How are peace and violence modelled in relationships between different cultures? How might the very idea of culture be questioned through the lens of peace? PCD Category: Theory in Peacebuilding and Collaborative Development

BUSI-6710

Data Analysis for Decision Making
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-6710 Data Analytics for Decision Making (3.0 credit hours) The quality of decision-making in organizations is greatly influenced by the quality of data gathered and by information derived from that data. This course focuses on the use of tools and processes to enhance corporate decision-making strategies. Topics include research design, survey development, defining data and information requirements, how and where data is stored, informatics and business intelligence, critical thinking, and transforming data into meaningful information.

PCD-5715

Ethics of Peacebuilding
(3.0 credit hours)

PCD-5715 Ethics of Peacebuilding (3.0 credit hours) This course explores ethical challenges and dilemmas that occur in peacebuilding within conflict-impacted contexts. Peacebuilding theorizing revolves around the following questions: Who has agency in peacebuilding? How do we know whether we are doing peacebuilding well? What questions should we ask? It is important both to explore the practicalities of building peace and to analyze the assumptions underlying the peacebuilding work. The course will examine the extent to which ethical concerns influence and inform peacebuilding; analyze on-the-ground practices, as well as the values and worldviews embedded in peacebuilding efforts; and explore creative possibilities for addressing these discoveries. Students will be introduced to case studies and ethical frameworks to ground the discussion. PCD Category: Theory in Peacebuilding and Collaborative Development.

BTS-5080 

Ezekiel: Exile, Trauma, and the Land
(3.0 credit hours)

This course will focus on reading Ezekiel in the book's exilic context. The book wrestles with the exile in its depiction of both people and land, presenting both as traumatized. This course will explore the points of connection between people, land, and God in Ezekiel, and examine how these parties relate to one another in the book. We will consider how the trauma of exile confronts and reshapes these relationships. Our study will be informed by modern scholarship on trauma in the social sciences and literary studies, in addition to current scholarship on Ezekiel.

Intensive week: May 19-23, M-F, 9am-4pm

Category: Bible, Old Testament

BUSI-5850

Financial and Managerial Accounting
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-5850 Financial and Managerial Accounting (3.0 credit hours) Managers and executives carry fiduciary responsibility for their organizations; it is therefore imperative that they know how to read financial statements, analyze financial health, assess financial risks, and communicate this knowledge effectively to others. The course emphasizes the role of the manager relating to finance and accounting through the analysis of quantitative information largely at the conceptual level. Topics include financial governance, understanding and reading financial statements, financial statement analysis, cost behavior, breakeven analysis, budgeting, balanced scorecard, working capital management, and the use of short-term cash planning. The overall aim is to improve organizational decision-making based on financial, social, and ecological metrics.

BUSI-6230

Financial Management
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-6230 Financial Management (3.0 credit hours) The second course of this sequence examines more of the quantitative tools managers use in decision making. Topics include an in-depth analysis of value chains, including supply chain and distribution channels, activity-based management, analysis of external funds needed, in-depth analysis of time value of money, and capital budgeting.

BUSI-5410

Global Sustainability
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-5410 Global Sustainability (3.0 credit hours) The global economic system produces goods and services on a massive scale. Consumers benefit from access to necessities as well as increased comfort, convenience, and choice. Producers benefit from opportunities to innovate and invest, while also providing employment and generating returns to investors. The question many are asking, however, is simple: Can the current system be sustained in the long run? To be sustainable, businesses and non-profit organizations must find ways to generate value and minimize waste while simultaneously satisfying human needs and protecting ecological systems. This course examines the global economic system from a triple-bottom line perspective -- planet, people, and profit. It utilizes systems thinking and explores seven forms of capital: financial, manufactured, natural, human, social, cultural, and spiritual.

BTS-5700-5

Haunted and Held: Christian Theologies of Place
(3.0 credit hours)

Pope Francis once wrote, "the history of our friendship with God is always linked to particular places." In this course, we will explore the breadth of Christian theologies of place. The first half of this class takes a historical view of the theological and philosophical debates around questions of space and place in Christian theology. The second half engages with various contemporary critical questions in theological place studies, particularly around questions of decolonization, just use of land and property, and the question of cyberspace. This is an in-person class at St. Margaret's Anglican church and will involve occasional excursions beyond the classroom to experience "place" in a variety of embodied ways.

[GSTM Theology]

BTS-5700-2

Healing Haunted Histories: Decolonizing from the Inside Out
(3.0 credit hours)

This is an INTENSIVE course during the Fall reading week in Saskatchewan. 

Through bible studies, social analysis, communal narratives and historical literacy, this course will tackle the oldest and deepest injustices on the North American continent, which inhabit every intersection of settler and Indigenous worlds past and present. We will explore the places, peoples and spirits that have formed (and deformed) us in order to build capacity for our Settler discipleship of decolonization and personal and political Restorative Solidarity with our Indigenous neighbors.

[GSTM category: Theology]

BUSI-5230

Human Capital Development
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-5230 Human Capital Development (3.0 credit hours): Developing human capital means creating and nurturing organizational environments in which human beings can develop and apply new ideas, competencies, skills, attitudes, and behaviors.  This course will enhance your knowledge and understanding of the value created by an engaged workforce. The course will focus on supporting employees developing skills and abilities in an intrinsically engaging environment. In addition we will study ways individuals and organizations benefit from well-managed conflict while limiting destructive conflicts that sap organizational creativity and energy.

BTS-5700-1/PCD-5590-

Indigenous Christian Spirituality: Exploring the Common Threads that Bind Us Together
(3.0 credit hours)

This 3-credit hour course will provide students with foundational knowledge of spiritual wisdom and practices of Indigenous peoples here in Canada. Discovering links between Biblical and Indigenous story will enhance theological understanding of the common threads that allows for respectful affirmation of Indigenous beliefs within God's creation and love manifest through the grace of Jesus Christ.

[GSTM - Theology]

BTS-5770

Jesus Christ as Cultural Icon: Jesus in Art, Culture, and Theology
(3.0 credit hours)

Whether one is religious or not, the figure of Jesus Christ looms large and takes various forms in the cultural imagination across the globe. The Christian faith too holds within its traditions a variety of 'pictures' of Jesus through the centuries. This variety is evident in the church's theology, but also in artistic depictions and cultural depictions. This course will look at "Jesus through the centuries" as manifested in the Christian tradition.

GSTM Group: "Theology" and MATS Group: "Methodology"

PCD-5150

Journalism and Peacebuilding
(3.0 credit hours)

There is evidence on a daily basis of the power of media to fuel or mitigate conflict in our world. This course investigates what is possible when journalism practice is informed by nonviolent responses to conflict. The course draws from a growing scholarly and practitioner-based dialogue that is known as peace journalism. A series of case studies will investigate theoretical models and strategies of peace journalism practice. The aim of the course is to elaborate and exemplify peace journalism, conflict-sensitive reporting, participatory journalism and related issues. PCD Category: Peacebuilding and Conflict Resolution.

BUSI-5220

Leadership and Management for the Common Good
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-5220 Leadership and Management for the Common Good (3.0 credit hours) Complexity, globalization, and competing demands characterize the realities of leading and managing organizations in today's environment. The focus of the course is on developing systemic wisdom and long-term perspective. The course combines times for self-reflection, conversation, questioning, and integration of various leadership and management theories to identify approaches to leading people, systems, and organizations in ways that bring restoration, that offer hope, and that work toward promoting the common good.

BUSI-6630

Managerial Economics
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-6630 Managerial Economics (3.0 credit hours) This course applies insights from economic theory to the functions of managerial planning and decision making within a market-oriented business context. Specific content includes an overview of the market system, consumer demand theory, cost analysis, profit analysis, pricing strategies, the economics of technical change and innovation, the architecture of the firm, employee incentives, international economic impacts, and government regulation. Leadership for the Common Good concepts are also offered as competing methods of improving the traditional market system.

BUSI-5990

MBA Seminar I
(0.0 credit hours)

BUSI-5990 MBA Seminar I (0.0 credit hours) This course is a seminar for MBA students. The course will act as a forum for discussion and presentation of research in both academic and business areas. Students will be expected to complete a research project and present the project within the course.

BUSI-6990

MBA Seminar II
(0.0 credit hours)

BUSI-6990 MBA Seminar II (0.0 credit hours) This course will continue the material covered in BUSI-5990 and provide a forum for students to present and develop their final MBA projects.

BTS-5040

Minor Prophets
(3.0 credit hours)

This course will engage in a close reading of the Minor Prophets/Book of the Twelve in light of secondary material to aid in theological interpretation. In doing so we will consider the roles of prophets in the social and historical contexts of Ancient Israel, explore the rhetorical and literary aspects of prophetic material, and see how an appreciation for Jewish hermeneutics in the Second Temple Period can inform how we see this material employed in the NT. BTS Category: Bible.

BUSI-6150

Narrative Leadership
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-6150 Narrative Leadership (3.0 credit hours) Effective leaders communicate to inspire talent to excel; to partner with investors and communities; to engage with customers and clients and to grow their impact in the world as part of a global community. These communications are understood and acted upon based on the perceived context of the communication. Effective leaders are attentive to the ways that they shape the narratives that form the context for this communication. This course helps leaders to shape their own story and the organizational stories to cultivate an authentic, trustworthy, and compelling narrative whether oral or written, in person or embedded within social media, in small groups and with large audiences.

BUSI-5640

Organizational Behaviour
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-5640 Organizational Behavior (3.0 credit hours) Utilizing an experiential case study method, this course surveys the evolution of theory, practice, and research in the areas of organizational behavior. Learning topics include motivation theory, group dynamics, leadership, decision-making, conflict transformation, change theory, organization structure, emotional intelligence, and communication. This course affirms a systemic perspective and approach to organizational behavior and affirms the concepts implicit in the concept of Leadership for the Common Good.

BTS-5310-1

Positive Masculinities
(3.0 credit hours)

Masculinities have been diversely constructed and performed over time, often caught up in negative social phenomena that have been characterized as "toxic masculinities." By considering Christian faith and practice as a positive intervening force, the course will articulate positive masculinities by considering, among other things, the following questions: What does it mean to be a man? How is masculinity religiously and societally constructed across various gendered and other realities? How do we collectively exercise healthy and kind identities with theological underpinnings?

PCD-5853 - 3

Practice Skills: Accompanying Those in Conflict
(1.5 credit hours)

This workshop will help participants prepare and reflect on accompanying those in conflict. Particiapnts will reflect on their opportunities to support others, and practice key techniques. The workshop will emphasize the importance of analyzing conflict situations, exploring assumptions about conflict, and supporting others without taking sides. Key steps include active listening, staying neutral, asking open-ended questions, and encouraging reflection to help others find their own solutions. Cannot be held with prior workship in Coaching.

Friday, June 20, 5:00 PM - 9:00 PM
Saturday, June 21, 9:00 AM - 6:00 PM
Sunday, Jun 22, 1:00 PM - 6:00 PM

PCD-5853 - 1

Practice Skills: Action Research Essentials
(1.5 credit hours)

This course will cover basic research skills that can be practically applied to the workplace and other community settings. Students will learn the fundamentals of how to conceptualize, plan, and conduct research in a way that is collaborative and action-oriented. Course topics will include how to craft a relevant purpose statement and corresponding research questions, choose appropriate methods, conduct interviews, share learnings impactfully, initiate new action based on findings, and engage stakeholders throughout the research process. Course material will be illustrated with real-world examples, with opportunity for students to apply course learnings to their individual contexts.

PCD-5853 - 2

Practice Skills: Making Truth and Reconciliation Real
(1.5 credit hours)

This intensive workshop course will focus on developing knowledge and competencies in specific peacebuilding and conflict resolution skills.
This offering will focus on the TRC Principles of Reconciliation and how to recognize the cultural elements in conflict and gain a framework for working in cross-cultural settings.

Centered in the TRC Principles of Reconciliation, the part one of the course will help participants develop a deeper understanding of our shared history, current realities and the work of the TRC. This course supports work toward reconciliation by building knowledge and inspiring change.

Cultural diversity is a universal reality. So is conflict. Knowing how to deal within a culturally diverse world will increase your success at work and in your relationships. In part two, you will also learn how to recognize the cultural elements in conflict and gain a framework for working in cross-cultural settings.

Friday, February 28, 5:00PM – 9:00PM
Saturday, March 1, 9:00AM – 6:00PM
Sunday, March 2, 1:00PM – 6:00PM

PCD-5920 - 1

Program Evaluation in Development and Conflict Resolution
(3.0 credit hours)

PCD-5920 Program Evaluation in Development and Conflict Resolution (3.0 credit hours): Evaluating programs is a means of systematically assessing interventions designed to promote development and conflict resolution.  This course covers formative evaluations required for program decision-making and summation evaluations applicable for analyzing outcomes and impacts to determine relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability and potential for replication of programs normally implemented by non-governmental organizations.  Current debates in approaches to evaluation are also reviewed.  Students acquire skills in:  selecting relevant quantitative and qualitative indicators, various approaches to obtain measures for the indicators selected, approaches to analyzing collected data, and effective presentation of evaluation conclusions and recommendations.

PCD Category: Methods in Research, Planning, or Evaluation.

PCD-5910

Program Planning in Development and Conflict Resolution
(3.0 credit hours)

PCD-5910 Program Planning in Development and Conflict Resolution (3.0 credit hours) Program planning is a critical first step in most interventions by development and conflict resolution organizations. This course covers blueprint planning required for preparation of funding proposals and various forms of strategic and participatory planning required for the application of results-based management and learning approaches during program implementation. Current debates regarding approaches to planning are also reviewed. Students acquire skills necessary for conceptualizing and implementing international or domestic projects undertaken by non-governmental organizations: needs assessment, goal and purpose identification, formulation of logframe, work plan and budget, and preparation of a funding proposal. PCD Category: Methods in Research, Planning, or Evaluation.

BTS-5700-3/PCD-5590-

Racism and Religion
(3.0 credit hours)

Starting with Martin Luther King Jr's observation that Sunday morning worship is "the most segregated hour" the course will enable students to understand the connections between race and religion. Using history, theology, and critical race studies the course will allow students to carefully consider the intersections between race, racism, and religion in their own contexts.

PCD-5140

Refugees and Forced Migration
(3.0 credit hours)

PCD-5140 Refugees and Forced Migration (3.0 credit hours) Global trends continue to show unprecedented numbers of forcibly displaced people worldwide. Countries have struggled with how to assist refugees and internally displaced people. Less than one percent of refugees under UNHCR mandate are resettled in other countries. This course explores the root causes of forcibly displaced people; the costs associated with such movements, including economic, physical, and mental health; the responses of world governments; and the work of resettlement agencies in assisting refugees. The issues and lessons learned from the experience of resettling and integrating refugees around the world are studied, including in Canada. PCD Category: Peacebuilding and Conflict Resolution.

PCD-5210 - 1

Seminar in Social Change
(3.0 credit hours)

PCD-5210 Seminar in Social Change (3.0 credit hours): In this seminar, students review and compare inter-disciplinary and discipline-based approaches to social change, including issues in peacebuilding and conflict transformation, social and economic development, environmental sustainability, and democratization and social movements. Students will examine contending theories of social change, and address questions of power, interpretation, ethics, commitments, and virtues in understanding and working for social change. These examinations will allow students to explore ways of integrating theories and practices, and articulate their own understanding and ethics of social change. PCD Category: Collaborative and Transformative Development.

BUSI-6700

Strategic Leadership in a Multicultural World
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-6700 Strategic Leadership in a Multicultural World (3.0 credit hours) Historically, the field of strategy has focused on strategies as mechanisms for winning and thus causing others to lose. Instead, we are learning that strategic partnerships and creation of manufacturing/ service processes that develop human capabilities and use material resources wisely are needed to position the organization for sustained success in the marketplace. This course will help leaders develop approaches that strategically position their organizations to achieve this success. Theoretically this course will be grounded in Michael Porter's recent work on "creating shared value."

BUSI-6470

Strategic Marketing Management
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-6470 Strategic Marketing Management (3.0 credit hours) This course focuses on the tasks of creating and communicating value and gaining loyal customers for an organization in today's dynamic global marketplace. Topics include marketing strategy and planning, marketing research, the impact of technology on strategic marketing decisions, consumer behavior, ethics in marketing, social media and its role in marketing, internet marketing, customer relationship management, database marketing, and marketing evaluation. Leadership for the Common Good concepts are also offered as a backdrop for an ethical marketing framework.

BTS-5910

Supervised Ministry Experience
(6.0 credit hours)

This course provides an opportunity for a supervised internship experience in a congregation or other ministry type setting, and it includes a biweekly seminar. SME can be done in either two or three semesters. Students must attend an SME orientation in spring prior to the fall registration. Prerequisite: 18 credit hours of graduate-level work in Biblical and Theological Studies or permission of the instructor. BTS Category: Field Education.

BTS-5950

Supervised Psychospiritual Education CPE Unit 1
(6.0 credit hours)

BTS-5950 Supervised Psychospiritual Education CPE Unit 1 (6.0 credit hours) This course provides students with an introduction to the foundational skills of practicing effective spiritual care through the use of the experiential method of learning. With a focus primarily on the development of self-awareness, students will gain an understanding of their personal philosophy of ministry, including how to provide and utilize feedback, and how to conduct spiritual care visits safely and effectively. BTS Category: Practical Theology.

BTS-5951

Supervised Psychospiritual Education CPE Unit 2
(6.0 credit hours)

BTS-5951 Supervised Psychospiritual Education CPE Unit 2 (6.0 credit hours) This course builds on the foundational concepts learned in SPE: First Basic Unit. Students will further cultivate skills in spiritual care with a focus on spiritual assessment, interventions, family/group visits, contributing to the care plan/case management, and documentation. BTS Category: Practical Theology.

BTS-5952

Supervised Psychospiritual Education CPE Unit 3
(6.0 credit hours)

BTS-5952 Supervised Psychospiritual Education CPE Unit 3 (6.0 credit hours) Students will further develop skills in spiritual assessment, ethical frameworks, end of life conversation, and recognizing how spiritual care influences and works within organizational systems and structures. Students are encouraged to choose an area for deeper study such as Palliative Care, Mental Health, Long Term Care, etc. Advanced students are expected to demonstrate increased leadership in peer interactions, and group process. BTS Category: Practical Theology.

BTS-5953

Supervised Psychospiritual Education CPE Unit 4
(6.0 credit hours)

BTS-5953 Supervised Psychospiritual Education CPE Unit 4 (6.0 credit hours) This capstone course is intended for students wishing to move on to professional certification with CASC/ACSS. It will prepare students for certification by providing a cumulative integration of the skills and competencies gained in previous SPE courses, as well as supervisory oversight on one of the two required certification papers. BTS Category: Practical Theology.

BTS-6950 

Supervised Psychospiritual Education Supervision Unit 1
(3.0 credit hours)

BTS-6950 Supervised Psychospiritual Education Supervision Unit 1 (3.0 credit hours) This course is for CASC/ACSS certified Spiritual Care Practitioners or Psychospiritual Therapists who have achieved formal admission to learn the theories and competencies required to supervise SPE. Students in this course will provide supervision to students in SPE units under the supervision of a CASC/ACSS Certified Supervisor-Educator. Prerequisite: Previous certification as a Spiritual Care Practitioner or Psychospiritual Therapist and approval from the CASC/ACSS Admission to Provisional Education Consultation team. BTS Category: Spiritual Care Practice and Competencies.

BTS-6951

Supervised Psychospiritual Education Supervision Unit 2
(3.0 credit hours)

BTS-6951 Supervised Psychospiritual Education Supervision Unit 2 (3.0 credit hours)  This course builds upon the foundational skills of supervision, emphasizing the integration of theory and practice, group facilitation, and program administration. Prerequisite: BTS-6950. 

BTS Category: Spiritual Care Practice and Competencies.

BUSI-6800 - 1

Sustainable Organizations and Global Citizenship
(3.0 credit hours)

BUSI-6800 Sustainable Organizations and Global Citizenship (3.0 credit hours): This course integrates the three pillars of the Collaborative MBA Program; management, leadership and stewardship for organizational effectiveness and serving the common good. The keystone of the course is an 8-day international residency designed to engage students as reflective practitioners and invite them to develop an openness to new ways of experiencing and thinking about the world through interactions and learning in a different country. One core value of the Collaborative MBA is global citizenship, recognizing that organizations are interdependent and mutually accountable to local, national, and global communities. This suggests that a global perspective is important for today's business and organizational leaders, and it is a significant purpose of the international residency.

BTS-5780

Systematic Theology
(3.0 credit hours)

BTS-5780 Systematic Theology (3.0 credit hours): This course gives attention to the major themes of Christian belief such as revelation and the authority of scripture, God and creation, the nature of humanity, the person and work of Jesus Christ, sin and salvation, the nature of the church and its practices, the Christian life, and eschatology.

[GSTM Category: Theology]

BTS-5080/PCD-5590-3

Terrifying Texts
(3.0 credit hours)

Biblical stories such as the sacrifice of Jephthah's Daughter, the genocide of Canaanites, the rape of Tamar, and the judgment of Ananias and Sapphira can terrify a reader because of the violence they contain. Other biblical texts such as the Jubilee laws, the visions of Ezekiel and Revelation, the story of the daughters of Zelophehad, and Jesus' encounter with the Syrophoenician woman might elicit a different kind of "terror," namely, the awe of "what if" and a world filled with strange encounters and transformative possibilities. By inviting students to consider both kinds of stories, Terrifying Texts is a course that allows for critical thinking to emerge in spaces of tension and terror, wonder, and hope by fostering a dialogue between biblical texts and contexts, then and now.

BTS-5256

The Gospel of John
(3.0 credit hours)

This course will explore the literary character and theological message of the Gospel of John within its social historical context. Particular attention will be given to the Gospel's distinctive portrait of Jesus and the response that this Gospel invites from both ancient and modern readers. The course will investigate broad themes, engage students in close reading of specific texts, and examine prominent issues. BTS Category: Bible.

PCD-5190

Women and Peacemaking
(3.0 credit hours)

PCD-5190 Women and Peacemaking (3.0 credit hours) This course addresses, from an interdisciplinary perspective, both theoretical and practical contributions that women have made to peacemaking in the modern world. It includes analysis of women's involvement in peace action, research, and education. Attention is given to the challenges that activists face in organizing around their identity as women, such as the challenge of building common ground among women with varied experiences and concerns. PCD Category: Peacebuilding and Conflict Resolution.

PCD-5190-2

Workplace Conflict Resolution
(3.0 credit hours)

This course will examine contemporary workplace issues, causes of workplace conflict and a variety of responses such as negotiation, conciliation, mediation, grievance procedures, and arbitration as well as tribunals such as labour relations boards and human rights commissions. Issues to be examined may include violence, bullying, harassment, organizational culture, 'constructive dismissal', and other workplace concerns. PCD Category: Peacebuilding and Conflict Resolution.